The primary audience for this guideline is national HIV programme managers, people living
with HIV, health-care providers and policy-makers in low- and middle-income countries. This
guideline update will be a useful resource for clinicians and should help to shape the priorities
of policy-makers in devel...
In 2018, the World Health Assembly, through resolution WHA71.9 on infant and young child feeding, affirmed that “the protection, promotion and support of breastfeeding contributes substantially to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals on nutrition and health and is a core element of qual...
WHO estimates that in 2015, 257 million people were living with chronic hepatitis B
virus (HBV) infection worldwide, and that 900 000 had died from HBV infection, mostly
as a result of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Most HBV-associated deaths among
adults are secondary to infections acquired at b...
Many millions of people around the world are affected by emergencies, the majority of whom are women and children. Among them are many who are known to be living with HIV and others who may not know their HIV status. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICE...
The main mode of Zika virus transmission is through infected Aedes mosquitoes. However, current widespread transmission of the virus has raised questions as to whether transmission can also occur during breastfeeding, a practice essential to infant and young child survival and development. WHO recommenda...
Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes; the same mosquito also transmits other vector-borne diseases – dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever. Purpose of the guideline The purpose of this guideline is to provide a recommendation to guide governments, ministries of health, po...
WHO guidelines on HIV and Infant Feeding in 2010 for the first time recommended the use of antiretroviral drugs to prevent postnatal transmission of HIV through breastfeeding. This resulted in a major change from an individualised counselling approach toward a public health approach regarding how materna...
Over 1000 new cases of mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occur worldwide every day, making this the main route of transmission of HIV infection in children. Vitamin A deficiency affects about 19 million pregnant women, mostly from the WHO regions of Africa and South-E...
For the first time, the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) is now considered a realistic public health goal and an important part of the campaign to achieve the millennium development goals. The 2010 revised PMTCT recommendations are based on two key approaches; lifelong ART for HI...
Significant programmatic experience and research evidence regarding HIV and infant
feeding have accumulated since recommendations on infant feeding in the context of
HIV were last revised in 2006. In particular, evidence has been reported that antiretroviral (ARV) interventions to either the HIV-infected...
